Category: Environment Essays Examples for Free Page 3 of 6

Polymer composites

Modification of organic materials adds additives. There are a few notable exceptions. Combination that is caused by a micro-structure unique to the product or unique microstructure. Additives are used primarily for:

Improving and controlling of processing characteristics.Property modification or enhancement.

Cost reductions across the board

Types and components of polymer composites

Polymer composites are a mix of polymer and organic or inorganic additives with geometrical certainty (flakes spheres fibers and particles). They are composed of more than two phases or components. The polymer is incorporated in a geometric pattern that covers the entire product. Laminate Thermoset – a common example based upon a fiber – is usually classified as high-performance polymer or large compound due to its length. The additive can also be discontinuous. For example, it could consist of short fibres. In these regions, the platelets are of the same nanoscale as the dispersed fibers. This is what we call nanocomposite. Because they contain multiple interfaces, they differ from microcomposites. Nanocomposites are unique in their properties and have great potential to be used for advanced applications. Composites are also classified by the nature (natural versus synthesized) of their matrix or filler. These are highly complicated structures that consist of fibers or particles, either continuous or not, embedded on a matrix. The fibre cellulose, lignin and other components are included. Bone is made of proteins, collagen and calcium-phosphate. Spider silk contains organic Nano-crystals within an organic matrix. Molluscs have shells made up of mineral layers of hardness, separated by protein binders. A micro-composite with mica flakes and thermoset polymeric matrix contains a similar platey structure providing a tortuous way for liquids, vapours, and gases.

Composites are classified according to their intended use or application. Someone can differentiate between two types bio-composites. Ecological bio-composites are made from a mixture of natural fibres, particulates and polymers from renewable or non-renewable materials. They are distinguished by their environmental degradation. Bio-composites are a combination of biostable, biodegradable, and inert polymers, with bioactive and inert fillers, that are used in biomedical applications such as orthopaedics or bone regeneration. Reinforcements with a stiffer, stronger polymer are used to increase the strength and modulus. The mechanical properties can have an impact on thermal expansion, stability and transparency.

When prepared in specific geometric patterns, continuous composites can be made up of long fibers and ribbons. Dis-continuous Composites consist of directional reinforcing materials such as short fibers or flakes that are arranged according to a geometric pattern and direction determined by selected molding and processing methods. There are however, manufacturing methods which can produce continuous oriented-fibre thermoplastic composites with very high fiber contents. These materials are often used for high-performance engineering Polymers.

Effects of Fillers/Reinforcements: Functions

In the past, fillers have only slightly increased the modulus of polymers due to their geometrical characteristics, surface area or chemical composition on the surface. The strength (tension and bending) has not changed. The main benefit of fillers was that they reduced the price of materials, by substituting the most expensive ones. The increased thermal conductivity could also lead to a faster molding cycle, and fewer rejected parts because of warpage. Inorganic fillers have a tendency to reduce the shrinkage or thermal expansion in moulds. The term reinforcing-filler was coined to describe additives which have undergone a change in surface chemistry, or their shape to enhance the mechanical properties of polymers. The inorganic Reinforcing Filler is rigider than the matrix. It is also less deformed. As a result, the matrix will deform, and the overall particle size will decrease near the interface. The fibre pinches and stiffens the polymer around it.

Aspect ratios of high reinforcement fillers can be defined as the ratios of length to diameter or thickness. The modifications not only enhance the filler’s main function (in this instance, it is used as a measure of mechanical properties), but can also add or increase additional features. Fillers can be modified or replaced to achieve new functions, which will expand their application. After the commercialization, talc and asbestos fibres formed the first group. They were chosen for their advantages in heat resistance and stiffness. Second-generation excipients were created as a replacement for asbestos because of its health risks. It was discovered that mica was an effective talc additive to increase heat resistance and hardness, whereas calcium carbonate had a lesser effect in hardening PP-like polymers. It was discovered that by modifying the surface of mica with bonding compounds to improve adhesion as well as the modification to the calcium carbonate-stearate dispersion to enhance these functions.

Functional Fillers, classification & Types

Filler can refer to a wide variety of materials. Fillers are solid particles (inorganic or organic) that can be fibrous, juicier or irregular. They are commonly used as bulk loaders in plastics. Fillers come in a wide range of chemical compositions, shapes, sizes, and properties. In general, fillers are highly rigid materials. They can be used in either a liquid or a solid state. As fillers, inorganic and organic materials are classified by their chemical families or by their size and shape. Particulate fillers like mica, calcium-carbonate, Kaolin, Talc, Feldspar and Aluminium Hydroxide are widely used. Fiber fillers include glass fibres and natural fibers. Carbon black is a filler that has been used for years. These products include montmorillonite such as hydrotalcite and montmorillonite as well as various oxides, nanofibers like single-walled or multi-walled nanotubes, and various oxides. Halloysite and graphene nanotubes can be used as additives in advanced nanocomposites. The first is made from a honeycomb-like structure of tightly packed carbon atoms, while the second is created by the surface weathering of minerals containing aluminosilicate. Natural nanotubes. Fillers can have multiple functions and are classified according to their primary function, as well as by the multitude of secondary functions.

Winds blowing on the ocean surface are responsible for generating waves. The energy of the winds is transferred into the waves. Stronger wind circulations provide more power to the waves. Wave power can be defined as the power produced by waves. Experts say that wave power is directly proportional to square of wave height, and influx is inversely proportional to inflatable water depth. This means the waves closest to the coast produce the most electrical power.

Although both are classified as ocean energy, it is not always the case that wave energy is tidal. Wave electricity can be viewed as an alternative source of energy. It is also one of three forms of water-based energy. The waves travel at a high speed and over a large distance. The more energy that is transferred into the waves, the longer they travel. It is important to capture and transform this wave energy into useful durability, which can be used to generate electricity. The surface of the earth is heated by sunlight and this heat is then absorbed by water and the ground. Gravity and earth’s movement affect these temperature changes, which also alter density. Wind flow creates ripples. The ripples become waves as the wind blows. When the fetch is sufficiently high, the waves turn into the ocean swells. Marine waves, once formed, can travel long distances without losing energy. Wave energy is constantly renewed. The power can vary, but the energy is available 24 hours per day, 365 times a year. Tom Heath’s “Realities Of Wave Technology”.

WECs are the devices that convert waves into electricity. that it is not always easy to funnel the wave power which is the purpose we do not see many wave power channels around the world. It is a driving force for progress and allows more progressive devices to be created, such as WECS. Oceans are the largest source of alternative marine energy and cover 70% of top of earth. The wind blowing over the oceans creates a lot of waves on the earth in all parts.

Oceans have several points where wind flows 7daysx24 hours. They produce waves all day long. There are some places in the oceans that are better for obtaining wave energy. Ocean waves, which are constantly moving up and downwards, provide significant amounts energy. Electric and Engineers estimated that a 10ft-high influx measuring 3ft can produce enough electric power for 1000 lightbulbs.

There are generally two kinds of wave in the world: transverse and longitudinal. Transverse waves make up the majority of ocean waves. The waves that have a slanted shape are those which were created by the medium. The water in this case is the middle, but it is viewed from the right side. There are two types of transverse waves, namely a minimum energy point and a maximal energy point. The terms “trough” or “crest” are used to describe the minimum and maximum points of energy. The energy generated by waves is called “kinetic-power” and it is transmitted for a very long distance. Wave power is directly and deeply connected to solar energy. The sun heats the earth and atmosphere through photovoltaic energy.

The wind is produced by temperature changes and pressure differences. Wind blows on top of the water creating huge waves. Waves generate energy. It is important to distinguish between Tidal and Wave Energy. Tidal power is the energy of the tides, which is triggered by gravitational forces of the sun and moon.

The most important aspect of problem definition is the way a problem has been defined. The unfortunate Love Canal story is a great example of how to define a problem. Residents of Niagara Falls were faced with horrific living conditions when their homes, property and city was invaded by toxic waste products.

The government’s response time was unreal, given the circumstances. Implementing multiple components to define the problem can explain why the government was ill-prepared for the situation. The Legacy of the Hooker Chemical Company provides a good overview of the disaster, including its origin, uniqueness and population of the problem. It also offers solutions. It is necessary to identify the cause of a problem in order for it to be treated properly. Brown relays a response from an independent city consultant to Brown when he inquires about what the planned action is. “We’re still not sure of the final solution. 1980). It was not decided who would pay for the damage or be responsible. A deal could not be reached by the Hooker Chemical Company with the Hooker Chemical Board, the City, or the City. No one could come up with a solution or plan due to the lack accountability.

Love Canal’s situation was unique, because the federal and state governments had never dealt with this kind of transaction before. It was unclear whether Hooker’s acts were deliberate or accidental. Hooker Company stated that corruption occurred “before environmental issues became a problem and the potential dangers of soil pollution were virtually unknown”(Brown). 1980. p.60). Hooker can defend himself by pointing out that political regulations regarding polluting were not in effect before. Hooker did not technically violate any regulations because they were not in effect.

A solution to the problem would be put off because there were no similar situations that the government was aware of. Imagine the frustration of the residents if even the government had trouble resolving the issue. Residents would have hoped that someone would be accountable and fix any damage. Problem population is also defined. The story’s suffering people are the reason for the problem population. In this case, there was a large problem population because those who lived outside the area affected were not informed of the situation. Most people in this area worked for chemical plants earning little money. Due to the small population and their low income, they were unable to help themselves.

Love Canal Home Owners Association was created in order to raise awareness of their issues. They had a hard time expressing their concerns because they were often at work to support their families and could not travel to promote their issues. Residents also faced the obstacle of working for Hooker’s Chemical Company, and not wanting to risk their jobs. Niagara is economically dependent on chemical waste plants, so residents have to choose between toxic pollution and employment. These constraints made public aid impossible.

It is necessary to have a fix for a situation to be classified as one. In the Love Canal’s situation, Hooker’s Chemical Company (the government) and the general public were unable to identify a solution. The government’s response was terribly delayed. The damage to the environment was already done. Toxic chemicals could no longer be reversed or stopped. The pollution affected not only the environment, it also affected people. 1980). There was no political solution to the problem. Governments are not motivated to tackle a problem they cannot solve, as it will only increase tension. Love Canal’s misfortune changed many lives, and it influenced future policy.

This can explain the slow response of both state and national government by implementing different segments of problem identification. To best describe the disaster, it is important to use factors such as origin, uniqueness and problem population. Despite the tragedy of this disaster, it was a lesson that showed how important environmental decisions are.

References:

Brown, M. H. (1980). The Legacy Of The Hooker Chemical Company. Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto (Ontario), Toronto.

Rochefort, D. A., & Cobb, R.W. (Eds.). (1994). Problem Definition: An Emerging Perspective. The University Press of Kansas, located in Lawrence, KS, published the book.

Julia Alvarez’s story, Snow, is full of beauty and terror. Alvarez weaves difficult topics into a beautifully written story. It’s about Yolanda, an immigrant young girl who just moved to New York. It is her first visit to America and she is wide-eyed. Yolanda soon learns enough English to realize that the Holocaust was real. She was researching the Cuban missile war crisis. Alvarez connects the story to her life and gives a historical perspective.

Alvarez was raised in New York City. After her birth, she moved to Dominican Republic. Her family lived there for ten-years. After ten long years, Alvarez and her family returned to New York City. Julia Alvarez was only a newborn when she first left the country. Alvarez’s story explains how it felt to move to a new country and the adjustments she had to make. Yolanda describes herself as an immigrant. Sister Zoe was her teacher and she treated her like a grandmother. Yolanda is excited about Sister Zoe. Because she was near the window, she received special care. This allowed her to learn quickly and uninterrupted. Yolanda learns new words and phrases in English shortly after learning them, such as “snow”. Yolanda saw “dots on the ground” that looked exactly like the drawings Sister Zoe had made. Although she thought she saw a bomb, Sister Zoe clarified that she wasn’t seeing one. It was the first time she had ever seen snow. Sister Zoe continued to explain to Yolanda, that every flake was unique, like an individual, irreplaceable, and beautiful. Alvarez’s beautiful story shows how she got through tough times and emerged stronger and happier for it. It is possible to find beauty in even the most difficult of situations. The Cuban missile crisis was a time when America’s children suffered. Alvarez shares the experiences of children in New York City in case there was an attack. She uses a dark tone in her diction. The story’s beginning line suggests a darker tone. It is the same feeling that she evokes when she later says, “At School, we had Air-raid Drills: An ominous Bell would go off, and us students would cover their heads with our jackets. We’d imagine our hair falling and our bones getting soft.” It is quite depressing to consider the reality that children have experienced this. Alvarez’s story aims to instill such sadness in the children and their future children that they will reconsider doing it again. Yolanda’s perception of snow is more beautiful than the bomb, which lifts spirits. The story’s ending has a new tone, from one of fear and doom to the other. This helps to show that there’s good in all things.

This story has a deep connection with me. Yolanda is an example of what it was like to be outsider. Except for Sister Zoe’s help, she was completely on her own in school. My teacher checked in on my progress and made sure that I felt loved. As I grew, I saw the harsh realities that children should not have to face. I was taught by someone to see the good and the ugly. When I was able to do that, my entire life transformed. It was like Yolanda. I found my inner light, and refuse to lose it.

Julia Alvarez’s “Snow”, a deeply moving and beautifully written story, is concluding. Her rich content is sure to tug at your heartstrings. By comparing Yolanda to herself, she connects the story to her own life. Although we can all relate in some way to Yolanda’s story, I think everyone can. There have been times when we felt our world was coming to an end. Sometimes all it takes is to be reminded to take a moment and appreciate the beauty around us. It is at least partially true, which is the best part about this story.

The Cuban missile Crisis is a significant American historical event. Both children and adults had must learn how prepare for air-raid drills. This is how Alvarez plays on the emotions of his readers, creating an amazing literary experience.

The purpose of zoos is to rescue animals. But, does it hurt the strong and beautiful creatures it serves? It depends on what case it is. The zoo was able to create an environment that would benefit the animals, such as Willie (the gorilla) in “The Zoos Go Wild”. Zoos have helped animals survive and rise from the ashes, helping them get through their difficult lives. This essay will examine the evidence that zoos can benefit animals. Each article focuses on a specific animal and shows how zoos can help them survive. The Zoos Go Wild’s Willie the Gorilla is an example of this. He was raised in harsh conditions and the zoo gave him the opportunity to feel like he’d finally made it big. This reinforces the theme that the zoo saves the lives of the animals. The zoos also gave the Macaw Exhibit another fresh look in “Our Beautiful Macaws” which shows how they ‘combed through some creative ideas. In a similar fashion, the first article, titled The Stripes Are Surviving,’ describes how the American Zoo and Aquarium Association (SSP),’ created the Species Survival Plan (SSP), which aims to protect endangered and threatened species. It also shows that the zoos are helping these tigers in a far more extreme manner than they could. These early successes show that zoos have the ability to help animals in all situations. Also, each article has its own evidence to support their claims. All three articles make the same claim: Zoos have done a lot to alter animals’ environments so they are more comfortable. In “The Zoos Go Wild”, Willie the Gorilla was shown in an enclosure that resembles the central African rainforest. Willie became happier and more fulfilled. Similar stories are told by the pulchritudinous Macaws. Alicia Powers, author of ‘Our Beautiful Macaws & Why They Need Enhancement’, says that the ACCR team gathered a few creative ideas to give Macaw Exhibit a fresh, new look. This shows that the zoo is trying to make macaws feel more at home by improving their environment. Also, the ‘Stripes Will Survivor’ tigers are very similar. The primary source of information for the work is how Siberian Tigre have survived and not died with declining populations. According to the article the zoo cooperates with the American Zoo and Aquarium Association. The Species Survival Plan is a plan that ensures endangered and threatened animal species are not lost. These articles concern the care that zoos give their animals. There are many differences between the articles. Jaqueline Adams describes the tigers’ cuteness and friendliness in her article. She also describes the jungle as dangerous, stating that ‘tiger dads in nature don’t take care of their cubs well and may even kill them. She conveys the feeling that the tigers were lucky enough to be saved. Another story about Willie is his rescue from a trader. So the article focused on Willie’s adjustment to the zoo. Willie thought his cage was a real prison at first. But the zoo eventually brought Willie mates and made it feel like Willie had been in central Africa’s rainforest. The zoo was able meet Willie’s needs and made him feel happy. The macaw article details the various ways the zoo can help macaws of all kinds and the number of organizations they have created to support them. According to the article, the Animal Care, Conservation, and Research Team at Oakland Zoo has the honor and challenge of providing enriching, balanced lives for their animal residents and advocating for wild counterparts’. This shows that zoos are doing a lot for animals. While the articles are meant to be mutually beneficial, they have their own resolutions. They focus on the benefits of animals having their own habitat.

These articles all focus on the same theme: protecting and helping animals. Each article tells their story of how they helped an animal species or how the zoo made their lives easier. One thing we can all agree upon is that zoos try to make everyone’s lives as easy as possible.

The number of man-made and natural disasters that occur every year has taken the world by surprise in the 21stcentury. No matter how well-prepared we may be, there are always areas for improvement and new learnings after a disaster. Some areas, even within the United States, are not as technologically advanced to help prevent or minimize the loss or damage caused by these disasters. Perhaps the county or city doesn’t have the budget to upgrade the system. Clayton is the area of Dayton where tornado sirens are not available. I am from Clayton and I was unaware of them until I moved to Kettering. In 2001, I was stunned when Kettering began testing their tornado sirens. Because we haven’t seen this kind of activity for the past 10-15 years, most cities north of Dayton don’t have this type warning technology. Xenia was the location of all the Wizard of Oz Tornado stories. It is located approximately 20 minutes from Dayton.

Tornadoes have caused a lot of damage and trauma in the City of Xenia Ohio. Xenia Ohio should not be surrounded by severe weather. Xenia is a place that has seen severe weather in the past. Shawnee Indians called this area “The Place of the Devil Wind” or “The Land of the Crazy Winds”. April 3, 1974, a F5 tornado was the most destructive tornado that struck the region. Just outside of downtown Xenia, the Tornado struck at 4:40pm. It traveled 32 miles through Xenia, Wilberforce and beyond. 32 people were killed in the Xenia Tornado that ravaged Xenia and Wilberforce. The city, which was 27,000 people, suffered damage to 1400 homes and 300 home losses. Nine Xenia churches, along with nine schools, were also destroyed. This happened only one hour after classes were finished. The Greene County Courthouse’s roof and windows were torn off. A train traveling through Xenia was hit by the tornado. 7 of 47 cars were blown away, resulting into Main Street being closed. Green Memorial Hospital treated over 1200 victims. 1974 saw the absence of tornado warning sirens for Xenia. Radio and television were the only means of alerting people. The 1974 Xenia Tornado caused 148 tornadoes to strike 13 states. At approximately 1,000 yards, the tornado at Xenia was the largest ever recorded, with winds of 318 mph. Xenia was struck again by another tornado, this time an F2. Fortunately, the event did not result in any deaths. The 1989 tornado was spared by the deaths of those who were able to instill tornado sirens purchased after the 1974 tornado.

September 20, 2000 Xenia is again struck by a tornado of the F4 type. The storm was more severe at night than usual, and it struck around 7:15pm. This storm was a reminder of 26 year ago, when the city had been turned upside-down. It was frightening and eye-opening for others who had never seen this kind of event. I wish that I could say that the 1974 tornado taught us a lot. However, the 2000 tornado was just as destructive and caused the same destruction. However, tornadoes are not like earthquakes or floods. California has developed structures that move and sway with the movement of the tornadoes, such as flood walls and dams. Tornadoes are capable of destroying buildings regardless of how strong they may be. The 2000 tornado damaged a large area, which was mostly a business area. However, the 1974 restructure didn’t allow the residents to return their homes. The storm caused only one death and left just over 100 injured, unlike the previous disaster. One is too many. Although the City of Xenia had installed tornado sirens after 1974’s tornado, they did not work for the 1989 storm. The Tornado’s destruction caused the warning system not to work. After that, the city purchased a replacement system with a battery backup. The community responded with extraordinary assistance in 2000. Every person who could step up to help and clear the mess, and to bring the city back to its original state of being, did so. At the time, my age was 18 and I lived 40 minutes from the area. I knew friends who lived in the same area as me and helped them to get housing. To help restore the city of Xenia, the surrounding area came together once more.

Neighbors supporting neighbors to repair one another and do so for the greater good of the community.

You would think after seeing and experiencing the devastation in the City, Xenia, that most would avoid it. I am not quick to learn or scared. I have been through two hurricanes without thinking twice and I still earn my living every day. I set out to shop in Xenia, Georgia on May 23, 2017, and my stops were the Tractor Supply (Rural King) and the Tractor Supply. The Rural King now occupies the same spot where the 1974 and 2000 tornadoes destroyed the building. My daughter was shopping in Rural King and severe thunderstorms erupted. She and I left the shop to get tractor supplies on our way home. Unfortunately, reports were that there was a funnel cloud in the area. So we made a quick stop at tractor supply and found shelter in a room behind. According to the news, the tornado touched down in the area of three miles between the two stores where we were that day. It was close to what happened in the 2000 and 1979 tornadoes. It might have been more important that my little girl was there. Perhaps the history with Xenia also bothered me.

Every county has disasters. This is only a small part of what’s happening in my corner of the globe. Comparable to the California wildfires each year, and the California hurricanes every other year, and the flooding I’ve heard of in New Jersey, we seem very small. This does not negate the horrors faced by the citizens of Xenia. However, in hindsight, many things are better than others.

Save the People of the Forest

Orangutans, a rare species of ape, live on the Sumatra and Borneo islands in Southeast Asia. They are endangered due to their unique lifestyle, feeding habits, and procreation patterns. Orangutans have been hunted and murdered, and palm oil plantations are destroying their habitats. The species is being saved by conservation methods, but the number of these animals continues to decline at alarming rates.

The orangutan, a species of ape, is found on two islands: Sumatra in Southeast Asia and Borneo in Southeast Asia. They are the fourth Great Ape in the World alongside bonobos, gorillas, and chimpanzees. Orangutans live in tree canopies and build their nests. They also forage for food and protect themselves from predators. Orangutans were named after the place they occupied. This is because the Indonesian language and Malaysian language translate the word orang into hutan. This primat is almost identical in DNA to humans as chimpanzees. The orangutan is currently in critical danger. Their population is on the decline. They were once estimated to be around 60,000, but then lost 20,000 over a ten-year period. Poaching and loss of habitat from deforestation as well as Indonesian palm oil plants are some of the reasons for orangutan’s declining numbers (Orangutan Conservancy 2011, 2011). Orangutans can help to change the environment by harvesting fruit from trees and scattering seeds. However, as omnivores they may also consume small animals. Orangutans also play a vital role in the survival of other environmental organisms like insects. Poaching, hunting, and pet trading have all played a major role in the decline of Sumatra’s orangutans. Sumatra is the largest island that makes up Indonesia and Malaysia, which are home to large numbers of palm oil plantations. Many of these plantations aren’t even legal. Human/orangutan interactions are often disrupted by farm disturbances, self-defense (Meijaard 2011, 2010) or even food consumption (Thompson 2010, 2010). Because of the Indonesian palm oil market, orangutans can also be affected by deforestation. Palm oil is also harvested from the nut, kernel and fruit of palm trees. The market for palm oil in Indonesia leads the way in food production (Kilby 1967). The conservation methods are designed to protect orangutans already living in forests, and to reintroduce orangutans from captivity back into nature. These include patrols or replanting trees that are familiar to the species.

The decline in orangutan populations is greatly influenced by their reproductive rate. It takes orangutans less than a decade before they reach puberty. On average, one child is born every eighteen years. Their procreation rate is not as high as that of humans. Due to their long life cycles and hunting, their number has declined rapidly. This is due to the fact that they live in treetops. Orangutan Conservancy 2011, Because they rarely walk on the floor, it is difficult for them not to be killed by loggers. Orangutans who lose their homes must either flee or wander into plantations and farms where there is a high risk of them being killed by workers (Orangutan Conservancy (2011)). Humans can also cause strain in the mother-child relationships. A mother orangutan will tend to her baby for six-years, but the offspring will continue to live with their parents for at least another six years. (Orangutan Conservancy 2011, 2011). Poachers will kill the mother to take the baby to their home for pet trading. If the baby is left alone, it has a very low chance of survival in the forest.

The endangerment and destruction of species is largely due to deforestation.

Tree-cutter workers and loggers constantly cut down trees to make way for palm plantations. Even more trees are being harvested to produce palm oil. Orangutans are forced to live in deeper forest areas by man-caused wildfires. Plantations are destroying the only thing orangutans need to call home. People who work in plantations also don’t have access to food and are often living in poor conditions. Sometimes workers will have to hunt orangutans, and this is often their last resort (Chermayeff. 2009). An orangutan’s diet would be similar to cannibalism, as they share almost the same genome. These animals are also less common due to hunting. They can be hunted for food, farm disturbances, and also kept as pets. Over 50 years has passed since illegal pet trading began. This is not only to ensure that they are kept in circuses or zoos, but also for their protection (Butler 2009). Orangutans can be abused and exploited by humans all the time, if not even killed. Male orangutans have been trained to box for entertainment. The training of the apes involves starvation and drugs as well as beatings by trainers. Female orangutans can be sexually abused by people. Pony, 12-year-old, was found in Keremgpangi’s brothel. Pony was groomed for prostitution and then covered in cosmetics. Workers from palm oil plantations and logging companies would watch her perform or abuse others. Pony was taken into animal rescue. The brothel owners threatened Pony with violence and took 30 agents to get her back (Perez, 2014).

These methods can be used to save orangutans as well as their habitat. After animals have been saved from suffering, they are released into the wild and are then relocated. Pony, an orangutan, was taken from the brothel. Agents brought Pony to Bangamat, where they found 70 orangutans. PETA and BOS take great steps in saving them. PETA stands for the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals. It is an organization of officials that has declared that the animal boxing events in the area must be stopped (Perez (2014)). Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation or BOS is creating animal orphanages to care for orangutan babies rescued from the wild. Some groups have begun to come together to own the land that orangutans are living on, in order for them to be protected. Orangutan Green Team (Boltje 2016, 2016) is one of several groups that are looking to buy a part of the forests. Rescue groups are sending out patrols to ensure that there is no illegal logging or killing of animals. Drones are also being used to monitor wildfires and other illegal activities. But male orangutans can only survive alone (Orangutan Conservancy (2011)). They are often rescued and placed on forest areas far away from plantations.

Orangutans are the most endangered species on Earth and are often overlooked. Human activity on Sumatra (Borneo) has caused the death of apes in many ways: poaching, killing, poaching and selling. The genome of an orangutan is almost identical to that of humans. It is estimated to be 97% (Brubaker 2010). They can communicate with one another quickly and are capable of learning fast. However, humans don’t treat them with the respect they deserve. We may be able to use new technologies to help prevent the forest and its inhabitants from suffering. This species is being saved by wildlife experts who are involved in conservation efforts. It is unclear if these conservation efforts will be able to offset the damage already done or make up the difference. What is the point of “people of forest” if there are no forests for them to call home?

David Attenborough calls the human population “a multiplier for all other environmental problems” in People and Planet (2011). With an increase in population over the past 67 years, humans have had a significant impact on the environment.

The energy sector is responsible for depleting natural resource and climate change. The change in predator-prey interactions that disrupt food chains is not just due to light pollution. The sprawling cities and transport networks that connect them to the rest of the world are destroying habitats and tearing up vast areas of land. These are just a few of the many human impacts that have a profound impact on the environment. A wide range of photographers are available to expose the environmental impact of humans on the environment, directly or indirectly. Daniel Beltra photographs the impact of humans, sometimes as a Greenpeace photographer. Edward Burtynsky shows how humans can overwhelm the environment by photographing the balance of the two. Nadav Khander looks at the urbanization and nature in Yangtze – “The long river”. Joel Sternfield is another example of the New York balance between nature and urban, with nature taking over. Mitch Epstein explores the impact of energy on American lives. (Epstein, No date)

Deepwater Horizon, which was a 2010 oil spillage, is now considered to be the worst marine oil pollution in petroleum industry history. It occurred after 4.9M barrels of oil had been polluted into Gulf of Mexico. It caused the death of 11 people and severe effects to the marine system. For instance, 0.1% fish in the Gulf had sores or lesions before the spillage, but some areas were 50% full after the spillage.

Daniel Beltra is an environmental photographer. One of his most popular series, “Spill”, is about the Deepwater Horizon oil spillage. Beltra spent 2 months photographing the oil leakage from an Aerial perspective. He did this to show the enormity of the tragedy. The Oil streak serves as a lead line that draws your attention to the corner of the picture. The boat metaphorically acts as humans in this environment… disturbing an oil spillage, shown by the interconnected coherent lines. It acts as a lead line, as the viewer looks at the boat’s origin and destination.

The image appears almost like a painting. It also makes me wonder if Photoshop was used. Beltra, however, says “I shoot raw images and adjust the contrast and saturation. Nothing is added to or subtracted. Aerial photography has one major disadvantage. It makes it difficult to see the impact of human activity because he is so far away.

Oil spillage #20 addresses the issue. This is the only photograph in this series that breaks with the tradition of aerial photography. 8 Brown Pelicans are covered in crude oil and are awaiting cleaning at International Bird Recuse Research Center.

It was a surprise to me when I first saw it. First, because of the poor condition of the birds due to the oil spillage. Second, because Beltra abruptly ends the series’ series genre. She takes the drama out of disaster and portrays animals who have been directly affected by the disaster. While it would make sense to capture the image in landscape so that all birds are included in the frame, Beltra decided to take it in portrait.

This works because it makes the birds look more secure, magnifying their distress. Additionally, the oil allows the capture of the bird’s cloth which can be smothered in oil to show the true severity of the situation.

The “Spill” series plays a crucial role in conservation. Beltra stated that his work is different from other photojournalists because of the beauty of his photographs. This has allowed my work to be displayed in public spaces, such as aquariums and galleries, where it can have a longer live and a larger audience.” (Hirsch (2012). It also means that people who are not interested in conservation may be more inclined to take part in Beltra’s work.

Survival is number one

Mount Everest rises to over 29,000 feet above sea level. Everest has been climbing since 1953, when it was first climbed by a group of climbers. A group of skilled climbers, often with Sherpas’ help, can reach the summit. Even though the group is large, reaching the summit of the highest peak in the world can still be difficult and has resulted in many deaths. Climbers must not only climb to the highest altitude possible, but also to the summit in the most difficult conditions. They must climb at subzero temperatures and with strong winds. Additional difficulties include breathing in very low oxygen levels, also known as “thin” air. Many have died trying to reach the highest point on earth. The ethical dilemma is whether to abandon a sick climber to climb the summit or to help them. Helping injured climbers is risky. They risk losing the large sum of money they have paid, and they will be more likely to die on the mountain. Climbers with life-threatening altitude sickness like HAPE, AMMS, or HACE should not be prevented from continuing their expeditions.

High Altitude Pulmonary Embolism (HAPE) can cause fluid buildup in your lungs. This decreases oxygen intake. This makes it more likely that death will occur. HACE, High Altitude Cerebral Embolia, is another form of acute mountain sickness. HACE refers to a condition in which the brain is affected by high altitude. AMS is caused when climbers attempt too fast. These conditions can often cause death and are extremely serious. High altitude sickness (Basnyat, Murdoch) is also a leading cause of death on Mount Everest. This will increase the chance of getting sick from high altitude sickness. If you help another sick climber, it could lead to them all suffering from high-altitude sickness. High altitude sickness is a serious problem. Expeditions should not be stopped to save climbers. The unpredictable weather on Everest makes time crucial. It is impossible to predict what the future holds for nature. Everest’s weather can be unpredictable, and it is impossible to predict what will happen. Krakauer experienced the unpredictability that Everest offers. He was caught in a hurricane. Krakauer was struck by the unpredictable nature of the weather, which changed rapidly in just a few seconds. This put him in an extremely difficult situation. Nature is unpredictable. Anything can happen at any moment. Weather can change rapidly. The next minute, it could be clear and sunny. Climbers shouldn’t waste time trying to save other climbers to reduce their risk of death.

Another reason expeditions shouldn’t be stopped is to increase success rates of the rest members of the team as they descend. The ascent is more dangerous than the descent. From 1921 through 2006, 56% perished while ascending Everest. Only 10% of those who died ascent-side (Firth and Paul G. It is clear that climbing is more dangerous than ascenting the summit. Krakauer’s 1996 Everest disaster account shows that all his team members, including Yasuko Naamba, and Rob Hall, perished during the descent. Even for experienced climbers such as Yasuko Naamba and Rob Hall, the descent proved to be very difficult and even fatal. Shriya Shah Klorfine (Death of Everest) was another Canadian climber who was also killed in the descent.

Climbers are less likely to fall because they have already expended a lot of their energy during ascent. They are much more likely to climb the summit if they have to get down.

Climbers in this category must deal with the same conditions but with less energy. This means that they must be prepared to descend the summit. Rob Hall realized that getting down the peak was the most important aspect. He said: “Anybody can get up this hill. However, the trick to getting back down alive is the hardest part” (Krakauer 153) The most difficult part of the climb is getting down the peak alive. If you are unable to share your achievements with others, it is pointless to reach Everest’s summit. It is essential to make it to the top and return alive in order to share what he did with the world. To safely reach Everest, climbers must make sure they have enough energy to last them the distance. It would be a great benefit to the team to leave incapacitated climbers behind. This can help the team continue their descent and allow them to reserve their energy for what is most important.

Expeditions shouldn’t be stopped because other climbers have paid an incredible amount to reach the summit. Sixty-five thousand dollars was the cost of reaching the summit in 1996 (Krakauer27). While it may seem small, sixty-five thousand dollars is the equivalent of buying a Ferrari. Today, climbing the summit is more expensive. Consider that climbers have already spent a lot of money and should receive the summit. Some climbers may have made this their third or fourth expedition after failing to succeed on the first attempt. It could have been because an injured climber was being saved by the expedition. They would feel disappointed and cheated that they couldn’t climb the summit again after spending so much money. Doug Hansen, Krakauer’s colleague, died in the descent. Doug Hansen, a Washington postal worker, was not able to raise the money necessary to climb Everest. Unfortunately, his attempt to climb Everest failed after he finally succeeded. He would feel very disappointed if he didn’t succeed on his next attempt. Krakauer said so in his book. It would be devastating for him if he fails the next attempt after all his hard work. Shriya Shah Klorfine, a Canadian climber and entrepreneur, was another example. In order to make the one-hundred thousand dollar trip to the summit, she borrowed money on her second mortgage. This fee did not include equipment, airfare and tips (Death On Everest). You can imagine how much she needed additional money to pay for the mortgage she got and the one hundred thousand dollars she earned. These are just two examples of people who had to struggle to pay for Everest’s summit. However, no matter how difficult it may be for someone to raise the funds to pay the summit fee, everyone is still paying the same enormous amount. Therefore, it is important that expeditions are not halted in order to rescue injured climbers.

Expeditions should not stop in the interest of saving climbers from serious illness. First, the safety of the entire team should be ensured. Second, not to disappoint anyone who has paid an enormous amount of money for the chance to climb the summit. The success rate of descents will increase if there are no halts to rescue the endangered. The result will be fewer Everest climbers dying and more people feeling satisfied with what they paid thousands of dollar for. This will lead to Everest becoming more popular, and Nepali climbers will earn more from their mountaineering activities. More money will be available to construct schools and hospitals. The result will be an increase in the standard and quality of life for the Nepalese people. It is important not to stop the expedition because it could mean that the lives of others are at stake. One team member’s death is less important than the death of the entire team.

Fox Searchlight Pictures created the film Bend it Like Beckham in 2002. Gurinderchadha directed this film. Gurinder Chadha is not known for her work in major films, but she directed the movie The Bride and Prejudice. Gurinder is of Indian descent and Bend it Like Beckham has been influenced by that heritage. The film BILB has many interesting actors. Parminder Naga plays Jessminda Jessa (Jess), the main protagonist who had a passion in soccer. Keira knightley plays Julliette Jess’s friend. The movie is suitable for everyone, regardless of age. You can either watch it with your family members or by yourself. This movie runs 112 minutes so make sure to give yourself enough time.

I saw Bend it Like Beckham for the first and only time. It’s easy to grasp the various themes and storylines. It’s also educational. You will see how different stereotypes impact different families and individuals. The movie has many themes. The film’s main theme is about two young, brave women who fight for the sport they love (soccer). Their journey was not without its challenges. Both the girls overcome the stereotypical view that soccer was a male sport. The film showed us two very distinct cultures. Jess is a Indian girl. Her parents wanted Jess to have an Indian life. Jess gets married to an Indian husband and handles all the cleaning, cooking and washing. Jess didn’t want this life. Jess would rather be playing the game that she loves. Jess’ Indian culture and family was what kept her from doing the things she enjoyed. I enjoyed the movie. The storyline is simple and interesting. I loved how the two girls were able play for semi-professional soccer. I enjoyed the storyline and was always interested to see what would happen next. A few people agreed with me that the storyline was interesting and keeps you guessing. It is easy to follow the plot

Jess is the protagonist and the main character of the film. She is frequently mentioned in the film. They are second in popularity behind Joe and Jules. Parminder Nagra plays Jess well, as she is of Indian descent. The actors played their roles well. Each actor did a wonderful job portraying their characters. Jess was a convincing main character. I felt like she actually wanted soccer. With her parents supporting her, conflict is important as it makes the movie more interesting and adds to it. Joe Jess plays the role of Joe’s soccer coach. He is convincing and supports Jess as she tries to become a good soccer player. Joe was a likable character throughout the film.

My personal opinion on BILB is positive. The film has a compelling story and makes the film more entertaining. I also think that challenging the idea that females shouldn’t play football is important. The film’s negative points include the predictable plotline and the easy-to-follow moments. Another thing I wasn’t a fan of was the romance used in the film. This didn’t help Bend it Like Beckham’s storyline. Jess’s dialogue and acting between her parents was a strong point. It was so real that I felt sorry for Jess.

The film’s main message was acceptance of people as they are. This was demonstrated by Jess’ parents refusing to let her play soccer, even though this is what she wants to do in her life. The film was full of twists, turns and misunderstandings that interrupted the message. However, it was clearly shown from the beginning. I enjoyed BILB. It would be a good film for anyone who likes soccer and doesn’t mind average acting.

I believe that younger audiences would enjoy BILB if there were no scenes for children younger than 13, or any violence or swearing. It would appeal to a range of ages, from 11-13 years olds. Younger viewers might not enjoy the film as much. MPAA has rated the movie PG. It isn’t too violent, but it doesn’t scare younger children. Bend it Like Beckham – A strong film I recommend to viewers who love soccer. The movie is easy to watch and doesn’t demand your entire attention.